Top Gun taught us that the best and brightest pilots can perform some amazing aerobatics.  Nobody seems surprised that a good pilot, with some practice, can move seamlessly from the flight maneuvers used on a Boeing 747 to those featured in Blue Angels shows.  While computer autopilots have performed well in commercial aircraft for some time, however, getting an electronic computer to pull a plane successfully through an aerobatic maneuver is almost impossible, and is thus a relatively new field of research. Read the rest of this entry »

Marvin Minsky has decided to resuscitate AI from the 80’s ashes with a fresh $5M grant to support an MIT team in a “project to build intelligent machines”. More info here. I have strong doubts on Minsky’s approach, and the new Turing test: “can the computer read, understand, and explain a children’s book”. I would be satisfied with replicating the children…

A recent article on the WSJ (In Search for Intelligence, a Silicon Brain Twitches) reviews the Blue Brain project based at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne in Switzerland. The Blue Brian project, led for the last four years by Henry Markram, has focused in building a biologically accurate rat cortical column. Read the rest of this entry »

Justin Mullins is the author of a nice post on the Memristor, appeard on 7/8/2009 on New Scientist. It does a nice job in describing the story of the memristor, from his theoretical discovery in 1971 by Leon Chua at the University of California, Berkeley, to his utilization by Stan Williams and Greg Snider at the HP Labs in Palo Alto, to the implementation of neural models, which involves the department that hosts the Neurdons!… Read the rest of this entry »

Reverse engineering the brain?

In a recent invited talk at the Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems, Lloyd Watts, neuroscientist turned entrepreneur (founder, chairman and CTO of Audience Inc., a Silicon Valley company that commercializes technology derived from auditory neuroscience research), presented his “strategy” on how to go about a gargantuan task: reverse-engineering the brain. With a military strategy analogy, the problem is the following: what is the best way to occupy an enemy territory? Should the invading army occupy simultaneously the target territory from all its borders, or should all troops focus on a narrow strip of land, occupy it, consolidate the territory and exploit its resources, and then move on to the next target? Lloyd Watts, the neuroscientist-entrepreneur, seems to suggest that the second strategy is the winning one.

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Feinerman et al. Figure 1b: logic components fabricated from hippocampal neurons

Neuromorphic technology is a young field, with little in the way of established paradigms or techniques. Most of the recent related work, however, focuses on silicon implementation of neural-inspired mechanisms. Feinerman et al. buck the trend and build reliable computation devices using actual neurons.

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The challenge of building, within a few decades, a computer chip on the scale of a patch of biological cortex is a race involving many labs in academics and industry around the world.

The basic assumption is that, in order to build machines that imitate the cortex, the intuitive way to go is capture in a chip the architecture and functional principles of cerebral cortex. Building a chip that emulates the cortex needs to solve several challenging problems. For example, how can you pack millions of processing elements and billions of synapses into a small enough chip and be able to perform computations at a speed compatible with human thought. All this must be done without consuming a lot of power. Easy, right? Read the rest of this entry »